Correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastrointestinal tumor in the physical examination population in Xi'an City / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To analyze the spatial distribution of Helicobacter Pylori (Hp) infection and its correlation with gastrointestinal tumors in the physical examination population of Xi'an city, and to provide reference for the prevention of gastrointestinal tumors in this area. Methods A total of 23 200 subjects who underwent physical examination in 25 public hospitals in Xi'an from January 2019 to January 2023 were selected as the research objects. The basic Information of the patients was derived through the Hospital Information System (HIS), and all subjects underwent 13C-breath test and gastroenterological endoscope. ArcGIS 10.6 software was used to draw a statistical map of Hp infection in Xi 'an for spatial autocorrelation analysis. Hp infection in patients with different gastrointestinal tumors was analyzed. Results In this study population, there were 10 858 cases of Hp infection , with an infection rate of 46.80% ; among them , 5 491 cases were male, with an infection rate of 46.60% , and 5,367 cases were female, with an infection rate of 47.01% , and there was no significant difference in the infection rate between genders (P>0.05). The prevalence of HP infection was higher in the 30-year-old and 20-year-old groups, 55.62% and 42.71%, respectively, and the infection rate showed a first increase and then a decreasing trend with age (χ2trend = 6201.21, 6945.22 , P2=13.49, 16.16, 17.27, 24.66, P<0.05 for all). Conclusion The distribution of Hp infection in the physical examination population of Xi'an city has the characteristics of spatial aggregation and is related to gastrointestinal tumor diseases. It is suggested to carry out Hp infection education for the population in key areas to prevent the occurrence of gastrointestinal tumor diseases.

Analysis on missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis of anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery by echocardiography from one single medical center / 中华心血管病杂志

Objectives: To analyze the reasons of missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis on anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) by echocardiography. Methods: This is a retrospective study. Patients with ALCAPA who underwent surgical treatment in Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from August 2008 to December 2021 were included. According to the results of preoperative echocardiography and surgical diagnosis, the patients were divided into confirmed group or missed diagnosis/misdiagnosis group. The results of preoperative echocardiography were collected, and the specific echocardiographic signs were analyzed. According to the experience of the doctors, the echocardiographic signs were divided into four types, namely clear displayed, vague/doubtful displayed, no display and no notice, and the display rate of each sign was calculated (display rate=number of clearly displayed cases/total number of cases×100%). By referring the surgical data, we analyzed and recorded the pathological anatomy and pathophysiological characteristics of the patients, and the rate of missed diagnosis/misdiagnosis of echocardiography in patients with different characteristics was compared. Results: A total of 21 patients were enrolled, including 11 males, aged 1.8 (0.8, 12.3) years (range 1 month to 47 years). Except for one patient with anomalous origin of left anterior descending artery, the others were all originated from the main left coronary artery (LCA). There were 13 cases of ALCAPA in infant and children, and 8 cases of adult ALCAPA. There were 15 cases in the confirmed group (diagnostic accuracy was 71.4% (15/21)), and 6 cases in the missed diagnosis/misdiagnosis group (three cases were misdiagnosed as primary endocardial fibroelastosis, two cases were misdiagnosed as coronary-pulmonary artery fistula; and one case was missed diagnosis). The working years of the physicians in the confirmed group were longer than those in the missed diagnosis/misdiagnosed group ((12.8±5.6) years vs. (8.3±4.7) years, P=0.045). In infants with ALCAPA, the detection rate of LCA-pulmonary shunt (8/10 vs. 0, P=0.035) and coronary collateral circulation (7/10 vs. 0, P=0.042) in confirmed group was higher than that in missed diagnosis/misdiagnosed group. In adult ALCAPA patients, the detection rate of LCA-pulmonary artery shunt was higher in confirmed group than that in missed diagnosis/misdiagnosed group (4/5 vs. 0, P=0.021). The missed diagnosis/misdiagnosis rate of adult type was higher than that of infant type (3/8 vs. 3/13, P=0.410). The rate of missed diagnosis/misdiagnosis was higher in patients with abnormal origin of branches than that of abnormal origin of main trunk (1/1 vs. 5/21, P=0.028). The rate of missed diagnosis/misdiagnosis in patients with LCA running between the main and pulmonary arteries was higher than that distant from the main pulmonary artery septum (4/7 vs. 2/14, P=0.064). The rate of missed diagnosis/misdiagnosis in patients with severe pulmonary hypertension was higher than that in patients without severe pulmonary hypertension (2/3 vs. 4/18, P=0.184). The reasons with an echocardiography missed diagnosis/misdiagnosis rate of≥50% included that (1) the proximal segment of LCA ran between the main and pulmonary arteries; (2) abnormal opening of LCA at the right posterior part of the pulmonary artery; (3) abnormal origin of LCA branches; (4) complicated with severe pulmonary hypertension. Conclusions: Echocardiography physicians' knowledge of ALCAPA and diagnostic vigilance are critical to the accuracy of diagnosis. Attention should be paid to the pediatric cases with no obvious precipitating factors of left ventricular enlargement, regardless of whether the left ventricular function is normal or not, the origin of coronary artery should be routinely explored.

Short-term clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of the novel domestic transcatheter edge-to-edge repair Neonova? system in patients with mitral regurgitation / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To investigate short-term safety, efficacy and the learning curve of this self-developed novel transcatheter valve repair system (Neonova?) in patients with mitral regurgitation, and explore the role of perioperative echocardiography.Methods:Ten patients who visited the Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from June 2021 to March 2022 and met the inclusive criteria were prospectively enrolled. All the patients were at high risk of surgery with moderate to severe or severe mitral regurgitation (MR). Clamps of Neonova? were implanted under guidance of transesophageal echocardiography and digital subtraction angiography. Clinical outcomes, echocardiography indexes and learning curves of this technique were evaluated immediately after intervention, 7 d, 1 month and 3 months post-intervention.Results:The technical success rate was 100% with MR relieved in all patients immediately after intervention. The device and procedural success rates were both 90.0% with 1 patient received surgical replacement at 37 days post-intervention while the others′ reduced to mild (8/9) and moderate (1/9) MR. New York Heart Association class and the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire improved significantly (all P<0.001). Mean mitral valve pressure gradient didn′t increase significantly after intervention when compared with that before intervention( P=0.324), and no mitral stenosis was observed. Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter decreased significantly ( P=0.008) during follow up.Procedure duration ranged from 60 to 300 (175.8±75.2)minutes. The simple linear regression model between procedure volume and duration showed that procedure duration decreased significantly with the increase of procedure volume ( F=15.857, P=0.004). Conclusions:Neonova? implantation can improve MR severity and clinical symptoms safely and effectively. Transthoracic echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography are essential for perioperative management of transcatheter mitral valve repair.

Correlation between postoperative visual acuity and macular morphological structure and blood flow density in patients with idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To observe the postoperative changes in macular morphological structure and blood flow density of patients with idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane(IMEM)by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA), and explore their correlation with visual acuity.METHOD: Prospective study. A total of 45 cases(45 eyes)with IMEM admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to July 2021 were included. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), central macular area thickness(CMT), foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area and changes in blood flow density of superficial capillary plexus(SCP)were observed at 1mo, 1, 3 and 6mo before and after operation.RESULT: The BCVA at 1wk after operation had no significant change compared with preoperative data(P>0.05), while it was improved at other time points(P<0.05). The CMT measured at 1wk after operation was thickened significantly(P<0.05), while it was significantly decreased at 1mo, 3mo and 6mo after operation(P<0.05). The FAZ area measured at 1wk and 1mo after operation had no significant change(P>0.05), while it was significantly enlarged at 3 and 6mo after operation(P<0.05). The SCP measured at 1wk, 1 and 3mo after operation had no significant change(P>0.05), while it was significantly decreased at 6mo after operation(P<0.05). BCVA measured at 3 and 6mo after operation was positively correlated with CMT(r=0.457, 0.615, P=0.032, 0.012).CONCLUSION: The visual acuity of patients with IMEM recovered quickly within 1mo after operation, and then it tended to be stable. However, the recovery of macular foveal morphology and blood flow distribution was slower than that of visual acuity, and there was no obvious correlation with visual acuity.

Exploration of family rehabilitation model for children with scar contracture after hand burns / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective: To explore the family rehabilitation model for children with scar contracture after hand burns and observe its efficacy. Methods: A retrospective non-randomized controlled study was conducted. From March 2020 to March 2021, 30 children with scar contracture after deep partial-thickness to full-thickness burns of hands, who met the inclusion criteria, were hospitalized in the Burn Center of PLA of the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University. According to the rehabilitation model adopted, 18 children (23 affected hands) were included in a group mainly treated by family rehabilitation (hereinafter referred to as family rehabilitation group), and 12 children (15 affected hands) were included in another group mainly treated by hospital rehabilitation (hereinafter referred to as hospital rehabilitation group). In the former group, there were 11 males and 7 females, aged (4.8±2.1) years, who began rehabilitation treatment (3.1±0.8) d after wound healing; in the latter group, there were 7 males and 5 females, aged (4.6±2.1) years, who began rehabilitation treatment (2.8±0.7) d after wound healing. The children in hospital rehabilitation group mainly received active and passive rehabilitation training in the hospital, supplemented by independent rehabilitation training after returning home; after 1-2 weeks of active and passive rehabilitation training in the hospital, the children in family rehabilitation group received active and passive rehabilitation training at home under the guidance of rehabilitation therapists through WeChat platform. Both groups of children were treated for 6 months. During the treatment, they wore pressure gloves and used hand flexion training belts and finger splitting braces. Before treatment and after 6 months of treatment, the modified Vancouver scar scale, the total active movement of the hand method, and Carroll quantitative test of upper extremity function were used to score/rate the scar of the affected hand (with the difference of scar score between before treatment and after treatment being calculated), the joint range of motion (with excellent and good ratio being calculated), and the function of the affected limb, respectively. Data were statistically analyzed with independent sample t test, equivalence test, Fisher's exact probability test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The differences of scar scores of the affected hands of children in family rehabilitation group and hospital rehabilitation group between after 6 months of treatment and those before treatment were 3.0 (2.0, 7.0) and 3.0 (2.0, 8.0) respectively (with 95% confidence interval of 2.37-5.38 and 1.95-5.91). The 95% confidence interval of the difference between the differences of the two groups was -2.43-2.21, which was within the equivalent boundary value of -3-3 (P<0.05). The excellent and good ratios of joint range of motion of the affected hand of children in family rehabilitation group and hospital rehabilitation group were 3/23 and 2/15 respectively before treatment, and 15/23 and 12/15 respectively after 6 months of treatment. The ratings of joint range of motion of the affected hand of children in family rehabilitation group and hospital rehabilitation group after 6 months of treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (with Z values of 3.58 and 2.30, respectively, P<0.05), but the ratings of joint range of motion of the affected hand between the two groups were similar before treatment and after 6 months of treatment (with Z values of 0.39 and 0.55, respectively, P>0.05). The functional ratings of the affected limbs of children in family rehabilitation group and hospital rehabilitation group after 6 months of treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (with Z values of 3.98 and 3.51, respectively, P<0.05), but the functional ratings of the affected limbs between the two groups were similar before treatment and after 6 months of treatment (with Z values of 1.27 and 0.38, respectively, P>0.05). Conclusions: The WeChat platform assisted rehabilitation treatment with mainly family rehabilitation, combined with hand flexion and extension brace can effectively reduce the scarring after children's hand burns, improve the joint range of motion of the affected hands, and promote the recovery of affected limb function. The effect is similar to that of hospital-based rehabilitation providing an optional rehabilitation, treatment method for children who cannot continue to receive treatment in hospital.

Clinical effect of different application times of antibiotics in patients with hypertriglyceridemic severe acute pancreatitis / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To study the clinical effect of different application times of antibiotics in patients with hypertriglyceridemic severe acute pancreatitis(HTG-SAP).Methods:The clinical data of 92 patients with HTG-SAP who were treated at the Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2016 to February 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 65 males and 27 females, aged (40.82±10.55) years old. These patients were divided into three groups based on the time of prophylactic use of antibiotics: the early prevention group (used within 72 h after admission, n=39), the delayed prevention group (used after 72 h after admission, n=30) and the nonprevention group ( n=23). The clinical data such as the general data, length of stay and all cause mortality rate of the three groups of patients were analyzed. Results:Compared with patients in the nonprevention group, the incidence rate of pancreatic/peripancreatic infection [10.0%(3/30) vs. 39.1%(9/23)] and the incidence rate of bloodstream infection [6.7%(2/30) vs. 34.8%(8/23)] in the delayed prevention group were significantly decreased (pancreas/peripancreatic infection: χ 2=6.31, P=0.012; bloodstream infection: χ 2=6.72, P=0.010). The infection rate of multiple/pan resistant bacteria in the early prevention group [23.1%(9/39)] was significantly higher than the nonprevention group [4.3%(1/23)] (χ 2=4.49, P=0.034). There were no significant differences in the all cause mortality rate, length of stay, duration of intensive care, hospitalization cost, incidence of intestinal fistula and retroperitoneal hemorrhage, and the proportion of patients requiring surgery among the 3 groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Pophylactic use of antibiotics within 72 h of hospital admission significantly reduced the incidence of pancreatic/peripancreatic infection and bloodstream infection in patients with HTG-SAP. There were no significant differences in the final prognosis among these patients with HTG-SAP treated with antibiotics at different times.

Apalutamide for patients with metastatic castrationsensitive prostate cancer in East Asia: a subgroup analysis of the TITAN trial / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Ethnicity might be associated with treatment outcomes in advanced prostate cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) combined with apalutamide in East Asians with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). The original phase 3 Targeted Investigational Treatment Analysis of Novel Anti-androgen (TITAN) trial was conducted at 260 sites in 23 countries. This subgroup analysis included patients enrolled in 62 participating centers in China, Japan, and Korea. Radiographic progression-free survival (PFS), time to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression, and PSA changes from baseline were compared between groups in the East Asian population. The intent-to-treat East Asian population included 111 and 110 participants in the apalutamide and placebo groups, respectively. The 24-month radiographic PFS rates were 76.1% and 52.3% in the apalutamide and placebo groups, respectively (apalutamide vs placebo: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.506; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.302-0.849; P = 0.009). Median time to PSA progression was more favorable with apalutamide than placebo (HR = 0.210; 95% CI, 0.124-0.357; P < 0.001). Median maximum percentages of PSA decline from baseline were 99.0% and 73.9% in the apalutamide and placebo groups, respectively. The most common adverse event (AE) was rash in the apalutamide group, with a higher rate than that in the placebo group (37.3% vs 9.1%). The most common grade 3 or 4 AEs were rash (12 [10.9%]) and hypertension (12 [10.9%]) for apalutamide. The efficacy and safety of apalutamide in the East Asian subgroup of the TITAN trial are consistent with the global results.

The role of extracellular vesicles in human cytomegalovirus infection / 中华检验医学杂志

Extracellular vesicles (EV) are membrane structured vesicles containing proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. EVS produced by virus-infected cells are involved in communication between infected and uninfected cells. EV produced by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infected cells can promote the transmission and infection of HCMV and escape the host immune response. It can also activate the body′s immune response against HCMV infection. In-depth study of the mechanism and compositional changes of EV produced by HCMV infected cells will contribute to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of HCMV. The current research has achieved some results, but they are not deep enough. Future advancements in EV isolation and identification technologies and the reduction of economic costs will contribute to the extensive development and clinical application of the research.

Echocardiographic evaluation of the domestic D-Shant device for treatment of patients with chronic heart failure / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of the domestic D-Shant device for the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) using echocardiography.Methods:Twenty-four CHF patients who were treated with domestic D-Shant device in Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from September 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled in the study. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)/ left atrial pressure (LAP), right atrial pressure (RAP), pulmonary artery pressure, interatrial septal gradient pressure, cardiac index and pulmonary/systemic blood flow ratio (Qp/Qs) were measured before and after implantation using right heart catheterization.Left atrial end-diastolic area index (LAEDAI), left atrial end-diastolic volume index (LAEDVI), left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI), left ventricular end-systolic volume index (LVESVI), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), right atrial end-diastolic diameter, right ventricular end-diastolic diameter, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), right ventricular tractional area change (RVFAC), device shunt aperture, velocity and pressure, together with mitral and tricuspid regurgitation severity were measured using echocardiography before, and 1 month as well as 3 months after D-Shant device implantation. Clinical data were collected and analyzed including 6-minute walking test (6MWT), New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification and the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ). Spearman correlation analysis was used to determine the relation between the changes in PCWP/LAP as well as echocardiographic parameters before and 3 months after implantation and NYHA classification. Binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the predictive factors of NYHA classification improvement at 3-month follow-up after D-Shant device implantation.Results:①D-Shant devices were successfully implanted in all patients. ②Compared with preoperative values, invasive PCWP/LAP systolic, diastolic and mean pressures, transatrial septal gradient, and pulmonary systolic, diastolic and mean pressures decreased significantly after implantation(all P<0.001); Qp/Qs increased significantly after implantation( P<0.001). ③Compared with preoperative values, TAPSE, RVFAC and pulmonary artery flow velocity increased at 1 month after implantation(all P<0.05), whereas a significant reduction in mitral regurgitation grade, and an increase in LVEF and pulmonary artery flow velocity at 3 months after implantation(all P<0.05). Right atrial end-diastolic diameter, right ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LAEDAI, LAEDVI, LVEDVI, LVESVI, ratio of early to late diastolic peak velocities of mitral inflow(E/A), systolic peak velocity of mitral annulus at septal site(S′), ratio of early diastolic peak velocity of mitral inflow to diastolic peak velocity of mitral annulus(E/e′), pulmonary artery diameter, inferior vena cava diameter and degree of tricuspid regurgitation did not change among before, and 1 month as well as 3 months after implantation. There were no significant changes in the device shunt aperture, velocity and pressure between 1 month and 3 months after implantation(all P>0.05). ④The significant improvements in NYHA classification, KCCQ scores and 6MWT were observed at 1 and 3 months after implantation compared with preoperative values (all P<0.01). ⑤NYHA classification at 3 months after implantation was correlated with LVEF pre-post, PCWP/LAP pre-post, TAPSE pre-post and RVFAC pre-post ( rs=0.738, -0.730, 0.738, 0.723; all P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that LVEF pre-post was an independent predictor for NYHA classification improvement at 3 months after implantation ( OR=0.687, 95% CI=0.475-0.992, P=0.045) . Conclusions:Domestic D-Shant device can effectively improve the cardiac function and clinical symptoms in patients with CHF. Echocardiography is a feasible and effective method to evaluate the benefits of domestic D-Shant device for the treatment of CHF.

Expression and role of the TRPC family in TGF-β1-induced calcium influx in podocytes / 生理学报

The TRPC family consists of multiple important cationic channels in mammals that participate in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Our previous studies have shown that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) increases the expression of TRPC6 in podocytes, but the roles of other members of the TRPC family in podocytes require further investigation. In this study, we investigated the effect of TGF-β1 on the expression of the TRPC family and the role of the TRPC family in the changes of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in podocytes induced by TGF-β1. The model of podocyte injury was established by treatment with TGF-β1 in immortalized glomerular podocytes (MPC5) in vitro. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the effect of TGF-β1 on the mRNA and protein expression of each TRPC family member. After the expression of each TRPC family member was knocked down by a siRNA-based approach and blocked by SKF96365, respectively, free cytosolic Ca2+ was measured using the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator Fluo-3/AM, and the dynamic change of [Ca2+]i in podocytes was detected by a dynamic high-speed calcium imaging system. The results showed that TGF-β1 increased the protein expression of TRPC1/3/6 in podocytes, but had no effects on the protein expression of TRPC4. The protein expression levels of TRPC5/7 were only affected by 4 ng/mL and 8 ng/mL TGF-β1, respectively. TGF-β1 increased TRPC1/3/6 mRNA levels in podocytes, however had no effects on TRPC4/5/7 mRNA. TGF-β1 significantly increased [Ca2+]i in podocytes. Knockdown of TRPC1/4/5/7 in podocytes had no significant effect on the [Ca2+]i induced by TGF-β1, but TRPC3/6 knockdown significantly decreased the [Ca2+]i. There was no significant difference in the [Ca2+]i between the TRPC6 siRNA-treated group and SKF96365-treated group, but the [Ca2+]i of the TRPC3 siRNA-treated group was significantly higher than that of SKF96365-treated group. These results demonstrate that TGF-β1 increases the expression of the TRPC1/3/6 in podocytes. TGF-β1 increases [Ca2+]i in podocytes, which is dependent on the TRPC3/6 expression. Our results also suggest that the effect of TRPC6 on [Ca2+]i in podocytes may be greater than that of TRPC3.

Effects of Dasatinib on the Maturation of Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Derived from Healthy Donors and Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Patients / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of dasatinib on the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) derived from healthy donors (HDs) and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients.@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from HDs (n=10) and CML patients (n=10) who had got the remission of MR4.5 with imatinib treatment. The generation of moDCs from PBMCs was completed after 7 days of incubation in DC I culture medium, and another 3 days of incubation in DC II culture medium with or without 25 nmol/L dasatinib. On the 10th day, cells were harvested and expression of molecules of maturation related marker were assessed by flow cytometry. The CD80+CD86+ cell population in total cells was gated as DCs in the fluorescence-activated cell storting (FACS) analyzing system, then the expression of CD83, CD40 or HLA-DR in this population was analyzed respectively.@*RESULTS@#The proportion of CD80+CD86+ cells in total cells didn't show a statistical difference between HD group and patient group (89.46%±9.70% vs 87.39%±9.34%, P=0.690). Dasatinib significantly enhanced the expression of the surface marker CD40 (P=0.008) and HLA-DR (P=0.028) on moDCs derived from HDs compared with the control group, while the expression of CD83 on moDCs didn't show a significant difference between dasatinib group and the control group (P=0.428). Meanwhile, dasatinib significantly enhanced the expression of the surface marker CD40 (P=0.023), CD83 (P=0.038) and HLA-DR (P=0.001) on moDCs derived from patients compared with the control group.@*CONCLUSION@#For CML patients, the same high proportion of moDCs as HDs can be induced in vitro, which provides a basis for the application of DC-based immunotherapy strategy. Dasatinib at the concentration of 25 nmol/L can efficiently promote the maturation of moDCs derived from HDs and CML patients in vitro. Dasatinib shows potential as a DC adjuvant to be applied in DC-based immunotherapy strategies, such as DC vaccine and DC cell-therapy.

Jiao's scalp acupuncture combined with virtual reality rehabilitation training for motor dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy between Jiao's scalp acupuncture combined with virtual reality (VR) rehabilitation training and VR rehabilitation training alone for motor dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).@*METHODS@#A total of 52 patients with PD were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 26 cases in each group. The patients in both groups were treated with routine basic treatment, and the patients in the control group were treated with VR rehabilitation training. The patients in the observation group were treated with Jiao's scalp acupuncture on the basis of the control group. The scalp points included the movement area, balance area and dance tremor control area. Both groups were treated once a day, 5 times a week for a total of 8 weeks. Before treatment and 4 and 8 weeks into treatment, the gait parameters (step distance, step width, step speed and step frequency), timed "up and go" test (TUGT) time and unified Parkinson's disease rating scale part Ⅲ (UPDRS-Ⅲ) score were compared between the two groups, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Four weeks into treatment, except for the step width in the control group, the gait parameters of the two groups were improved, the TUGT time was shortened, and the UPDRS-Ⅲ scores were reduced (P<0.01, P<0.05); the step distance in the observation group was better than that in the control group, and the UPDRS-Ⅲ score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Eight weeks into treatment, the gait parameters of the two groups were improved, the TUGT time was shortened, and the UPDRS-Ⅲ scores were reduced (P<0.01); the step distance and step speed in the observation group were better than those in the control group, the TUGT time in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group, and the UPDRS-Ⅲ score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The total effective rate was 92.3% (24/26) in the observation group, which was higher than 69.2% (18/26) in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Jiao's scalp acupuncture combined with VR rehabilitation training could improve the gait parameters, walking ability and motor function in patients with PD. The clinical effect is better than VR rehabilitation training alone.

Substitutes for Endangered Animal Medicinal Materials： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Endangered animal medicine is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine， which is distinctive in the treatment of diseases. At present， the rare and endangered medicinal materials such as tiger bone， rhinoceros horn， pangolin， antelope horn， bear bile are listed as national key protected animals， so their clinical application is limited， the current solution is mainly based on the ideas and methods of similar pharmacological effects， close genetic relationships， artificial breeding， and artificial synthesis to find and develop alternatives for endangered animal medicinal materials. Although artificially cultured bear bile and musk， and artificially synthesized tiger bone， bezoar and musk can solve the shortage of endangered animal medicines to a certain extent， there are still some problems such as difficult breakthroughs in breeding technology and incomplete recognition in the substitute industry. According to this， based on summarizing the existing substitutes for endangered animal medicines， our group proposed the concept of homology， homogeneity and equivalent of substitutes， and constructed a new idea to develop and evaluate substitutes by combining frontier biotechnology with multi-omics detection， so as to provide some support for protecting rare and endangered animals and solving the shortage of endangered animal medicines.

Rapid Detection of Adulteration of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus Based on Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveIn order to establish a systematic quality evaluation system for Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulteration， portable near-infrared （NIR） spectroscopy was used to identify Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus and its adulterants and detect their adulteration quantity. MethodA total of 72 batches of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus samples were collected and 570 batches of adulterated products （dry bulbs of Fritillaria thunbergii， F. ussuriensis， F. pallidiflora and F. hupehensis， Bulbus Tulipae， flour） were prepared， NIR spectral data of samples were collected by the portable NIR spectrometer. Linear discriminant analysis （LDA） was used to establish the qualitative correction models of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus-adulterants and adulterants of different categories， partial least squares （PLS） was used to establish the quantitative correction models of adulteration quantity of different kinds of adulterants. ResultThe recognition rates of qualitative analysis model of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus and its adulterants were 99.49% （calibration set） and 100.00% （validation set）， respectively. In different adulterant models， the recognition rates of calibration set and validation set were 70.47% and 73.68%， respectively. Moreover， the correlation coefficients of validation set （R2P） of the six quantitative models of adulteration ratio were 0.840 2 （Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulterated with F. thunbergii dry bulbs）， 0.960 2 （Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulterated with F. ussuriensis dry bulbs）， 0.765 7 （Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulterated with F. pallidiflora dry bulbs）， 0.902 5 （Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulterated with F. hupehensis dry bulbs）， 0.957 4 （Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulterated with Bulbus Tulipae）， 0.976 1 （Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulterated with flour）， the root mean square error of prediction （RMSEP） were 10.948 5， 5.463 9， 13.256 4， 8.549 2， 5.655 3， 4.235 6， respectively. The two qualitative models and six quantitative models showed good prediction performance. ConclusionThe portable NIR spectroscopy can be used to identify Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus and its adulterants in real time， the method is rapid and accurate， which can meet the requirements of nondestructive identification of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus on site.

Role and action mechanism of aquaporin 3 in alleviating photoaging of skin fibroblasts by regulating hnRNPQ/p53 / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate the role and action mechanism of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) in skin photoaging.Methods:Normal human skin fibroblasts (NHDF) were divided into several groups: NHDF group receiving normal culture without transfection, AQP3 cDNA group transfected with AQP3 cDNA, AQP3 siRNA group transfected with AQP3 siRNA, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Q (hnRNPQ) cDNA group transfected with hnRNPQ cDNA, hnRNPQ siRNA group transfected with hnRNPQ siRNA, AQP3-hnRNPQ cDNA group transfected with AQP3 and hnRNPQ cDNAs, AQP3-hnRNPQ siRNA group transfected with AQP3 and hRNPQ siRNAs, cDNA empty vector group transfected with a cDNA empty vector, and siRNA empty vector group transfected with a siRNA empty vector. Transfected or untransfected NHDFs were irradiated with ultraviolet A (UVA) at a dose of 10 J·cm -2·d -1 for 3 consecutive days to establish a model of cellular senescence, and NHDF receiving no UVA irradiation served as a control. A cell counting method was used to evaluate the cellular proliferative activity, a senescence-related β-galactosidase staining kit to evaluate the senescence level of NHDFs in each experimental group, and luciferase reporter gene technology to assess the transcriptional regulation activity of p53. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of AQP3, hnRNPQ and senescence-related proteins p53 and p21 in NHDFs. Two-independent-sample t test was used for comparisons between two groups, and one-way analysis of variance for comparisons among multiple groups. Results:After 3-day consecutive irradiation with UVA, the expression of p53 and p21 in NHDFs and the percentage of β-galactosidase-positive cells significantly increased compared with the unirradiated control group (all P < 0.05) , but the expression of AQP3 and cellular proliferative activity on days 5, 6 and 7 significantly decreased in the UVA group compared with the unirradiated control group (all P < 0.05) . After 3-day consecutive irradiation with UVA, aggravated senescence-related phenotypes of UVA-induced NHDFs were observed in the AQP3 siRNA group compared with the siRNA empty vector group, and there were significant differences in the expression of p53, p21 and hnRNPQ, percentage of β-galactosidase-positive cells, p53 transcriptional regulation activity and cellular proliferative activity between the 2 groups (all P < 0.05) . Further silencing of the hnRNPQ gene could reverse the above effects. Compared with the siRNA empty vector group, the senescence-related phenotypes of UVA-induced NHDFs were attenuated in the hnRNPQ siRNA group, and significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in terms of the expression of p53, p21 and hnRNPQ, percentage of β-galactosidase-positive cells, p53 transcriptional regulation activity and cellular proliferative activity (all P < 0.05) . After 3-day consecutive irradiation with UVA, the senescence-related phenotypes of UVA-induced NHDFs were significantly attenuated in the AQP3 cDNA group compared with the cDNA empty vector group (all P < 0.05) , manifesting as significantly decreased expression of p53 (0.25 ± 0.06 vs. 0.56 ± 0.08) , p21 (0.23 ± 0.06 vs. 0.70 ± 0.07) and hnRNPQ (0.82 ± 0.09 vs. 0.92 ± 0.03) , percentage of β-galactosidase-positive cells (31.23% ± 6.54% vs. 81.53% ± 7.62%) and p53 transcriptional regulation activity (2.52 ± 0.36 vs. 7.16 ± 0.25) , but increased cellular proliferative activity ([2.93 ± 0.33]× 10 6/ml vs.[2.15 ± 0.23]× 10 6/ml) , and further overexpression of hnRNPQ could reverse the above effects. After 3-day consecutive irradiation with UVA, the expression of p53, p21, percentage of β-galactosidase-positive cells, p53 transcriptional regulation activity and cellular proliferative activity in the hnRNPQ cDNA group were 1.41 ± 0.09, 1.42 ± 0.06, 91.06% ± 4.24%, 12.35 ± 0.88 and (1.23 ± 0.41) × 10 6/ml respectively, and the senescence-related phenotypes of UVA-induced NHDFs were significantly aggravated in the hnRNPQ cDNA group compared with the cDNA empty vector group (all P < 0.05) . Conclusion:AQP3 may alleviate the UVA-induced senescence of NHDFs by regulating hnRNPQ and downregulating p53 expression.

Protective effect and mechanism of resveratrol on optic nerve injury in glaucoma rats / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To analyze the protective effect of resveratrol on the optic nerve of glaucoma rats and its effect on the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)signal pathway and its related factors.<p>METHODS: SPF grade SD rats were used to cauterize the scleral surface veins to make a right eye glaucoma model. After successful modeling, different doses(10, 20, 40 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection)of resveratrol were used to intervene. Intraocular pressure was measured 2h after the last administration, and retinal slices were made to observe the survival of retinal ganglion cells(RGC). Retinal plaque to observe the survival of retinal ganglion cells(RGC). Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of retinal PI3K, Akt, basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).<p>RESULTS: The intraocular pressure(30.25±4.25)mmHg in the model group was higher than that in the low-dose group(26.30±4.05)mmHg, the middle dose group(22.31±3.68)mmHg and the high dose group(18.32±3.21)mmHg, and the model group RGC labeling rate(48.25±4.50)% was lower than the low dose group(56.32±5.05)%, middle dose group(66.03±6.68)% and high dose group(78.56±7.82)%(<i>P</i><0.05). The intraocular pressure in the low, middle and high dose groups decreased in a dose-dependent manner, and the RGC labeling rate increased in a dose-dependent manner(<i>P</i><0.05). The p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt protein ratio, bFGF, BDNF mRNA and protein relative expression in the model group were lower than those in the low dose group, middle dose group, and high dose group(<i>P</i><0.05), and the low-dose group, middle dose group and high-dose group increased in a dose-dependent manner.<p>CONCLUSION: Resveratrol can inhibit the apoptosis of RGC in glaucoma rats and reduce optic nerve damage, which may be related to the up regulation expression of phosphorylated of related proteins in PI3K/Akt signal pathway and the expression of protective gene and protein of optic nerve.

Effects of Temperature on Outpatient Visits for Urticaria among Lanzhou Residents Based on Distributed Lag Non-linear Model / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To evaluate the influence of temperature on the outpatient visits for urticaria in Lanzhou City and its hysteresis and to find out the sensitive populations by sex and age stratification.Methods We collected the urticaria outpatient data in three grade A class three hospitals as well as the meteorological data and air pollutant data in Lanzhou from January 2011 to December 2017.The distributed lag non-linear model(DLNM)was employed to analyze the influence of daily mean temperature on the outpatient visits for urticaria.Stratification analysis was performed for different age groups(0-14,15-59,≥60 years)and different sex populations.Results Temperature had a non-linear relationship with the outpatient visits for urticaria,and there existed hysteresis.During the research period,the average daily outpatient visits for urticaria at the three hospitals in Lanzhou was 25,ranging from 1 to 76.With the rise in the daily mean temperature within 0-10 ℃,the risk of outpatient visits for urticaria first increased and then decreased.When the daily mean temperature was 2 ℃,hysteresis occurred on the 18th day,and the relative risk(

Analysis on Role of mTORC1/4E-BP1 Axis in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Research Progress of Bupleuri Radix on Its Intervention / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis （IPF） is a common， lethal interstitial lung disease characterized by airway remodeling， inflammation， alveolar destruction， and fibrosis. The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1/4E binding protein 1 （mTORC1/4E-BP1） axis is closely related to the expression of collagen by fibroblasts， and its role in pulmonary fibrosis remains to be further elucidated. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has shown promising efficacy in improving the lung function， exercise capacity， and quality of life in patients with IPF. The theory of "same treatment for different diseases" provides a TCM theoretical basis for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis with Bupleuri Radix， while the research in western medicine has preliminarily shown that both the formulation and single herb as well as the active ingredients of Bupleuri Radix have good therapeutic effects on pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore， this review will elaborate on the role of the mTORC1/4E-BP1 axis in the pathomechanism of IPF， as well as the research results of the active components of Bupleuri Radix on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin protein（PI3K/AKT/mTOR） pathway， so as to provide a reference for the treatment and drug development of IPF.

Effect of Compression Garment Combined with Orthosis on Facial Burn Scar / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To compare the effects of compression garment combined with orthosis for central face on facial burn scar to compression garment and 3D compression mask. Methods:From September, 2016 to June, 2019, 38 facial burn scar patients received compression therapy in Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University. According to their preference, they wore compression garment only (CG group, n = 15), compression garment and orthosis for central face (CO group, n = 17) and 3D compression mask (3D group, n = 6) for a year. The facial scar was assessed with Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) before and after treatment, and the comfort and medical cost was investigated with questionnaire. Results:The VSS score decreased after treatment in all the groups (F = 18.49, P < 0.05), while the VSS score was higher in CG group than in CO group (1.717 points, 95%CI 0.925 to 2.482, P < 0.001) and 3D group (1.782 points, 95%CI 0.738 to 2.827, P < 0.001), the difference was less between CO group and 3D group (0.065 points, 95%CI -0.957 to 1.088, P = 1.000). The comfort rate was 60%, 52.9% and 66.7% for CG group, CO group and 3D group, respectively, with no significant difference (P > 0.05). The medical cost was the most for 3D group (12 000 to 16 000 Yuan), and similar for CG group (3000 to 4800 Yuan) and CO group (3300 to 5300 Yuan). Conclusion:Compression garment combined with orthosis for central face is more effective on facial burn scar, similar to 3D compression mask, but cheaper than 3D mask, which can be a choice for facial scar patients in developing areas.

Introduction of guidelines for iodine thyroid blocking / 中国辐射卫生

During a radiological or nuclear emergency, iodine thyroid blocking is an urgent protection action to prevent or reduce the absorption of radioactive iodine by thyroid. Although potassium iodide (KI) administration is recommended by WHO guidelines for iodine prophylaxis following nuclear accidents and is also widely implemented in most national guidelines, the scientific evidence for the guidelines lacks as the guidelines are mostly based on expert opinions and recommendations. This paper introduces the development and revision of WHO guidelines for iodine thyroid blocking published in 1989 and 1999, as well as the revision methods and main recommendations of the guidelines published in 2017, which supports the use of iodine thyroid blocking during a radiological or nuclear emergency.